boring means a dull yawner of a day at the machine shop
j/k...boring is actually enlarging the diameter of the cylinders..."drilling" at the risk of over simplification...this is why once an engine as been bored it must have a new set of larger pistons installed to fit the now larger cylinders.
Terms you will hear used such as 0.10/0.30 or 0.60 refer to the amount of boring in thousandths of an inch...more commonly referred to as "30 over" or "60 over" denoting the amount of boring which has been done. Enlarging the cylinders as such thus increases the displacement of the engine, even if only a small amount.
"Stroking" on the other hand involves the installation of a new crankshaft as well as the connecting rods. This means the piston goes farther down in the cylinder bore on each revolution of the engine, yielding a longer intake charge and therefore a longer power stoke. Stroking will greatly increase the displacement of the engine but is limited by the amount of room there is in the bottom of the block, so that the cranks counterweights do not contact the block itself.
So when you hear that an engine has been "stroked and bored" you'll know it has been made larger in displacement.
"Balance and blueprint" comes into play here as well with the machinist carefully checking each piece of the internal assembly to make them all exactly the same. Each piston the same diameter and same weight as well as each connecting rod. Journals on the crank are machined to much closer tolerance than factory specs. All this results in an engine that spins so smoothly it requires little or no counterbalance, so the smoother it spins, the higher the rpm it can turn and still live.